Of those injured 11 are considered to be in serious condition.
The trains, which were both London bound, collided around 5:15pm yesterday. It is currently believed that an East Midlands Railway train ran into the back of another.
The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) team have said it is too early to say for certain what caused the incident. The investigation which is currently underway will use CCTV footage, witness statements and the data recorders on each train, which have been described to be similar to the black boxes on planes, to determine the cause of the crash.
The Transport Secretary Heidi Alexander has stated that "We will make sure that there's a thorough investigation done to establish how this collision happened and to ensure that lessons are learnt so that we don't have an incident like this ever again".
Eyewitnesses have described the moment of impact as similar to a bomb blast and that there were audible "shrieks and groans of pain".
Brett Byatt was onboard one of the trains believes that about 90% of the passengers on his carriage were injured, with many "bleeding profusely".
Other witnesses described the people around them as "smashed up".
A spokesperson for King Charles has said "His Majesty is greatly saddened by the rail crash in Bedford yesterday evening and is being kept regularly updated on developments. His thoughts and sympathies are with the family of the deceased and with all those injured or affected by such a tragic incident."
